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Mass Atrocity Response Operations: A Military Planning Handbook


A Mass Atrocity Response Operation (MARO) describes a contingency operation to halt the widespread and systematic use of violence by state or non-state armed groups against non-combatants. The MARO Military Planning Handbook explains why MAROs present unique operational challenges and provides framing and planning tools to prepare the military. While primarily intended for military planners, it is also useful for policymakers and other non-military readers interested in the prevention of and military response to mass atrocities. It compares and contrasts MAROs to other types of military operations, explores the specific dynamics of mass atrocity, and outlines the operational and political implications of an intervention to stop attacks upon civilians. The Handbook provides a guide to identify key aspects of a particular MARO environment, frame the problem holistically, develop response options, and design a comprehensive operational concept.


For information and video of the
Handbook's May, 2010 launch events
please visit our Launch Events page.



Reviews of the Handbook:

Maro Handbook Cover

Download the Handbook


“The Handbook is a superb reference for dealing with intervention to prevent or stop violence
against innocent civilians. It is an innovative, thorough, and well-thought-out work that provides
substantive direction for military leaders facing this kind of demanding mission.”
  - GENERAL (retired) ANTHONY C. ZINNI, Former Commander, US Central CommandCommand
 

  “Sarah Sewall and her team have produced an impressive contribution that shifts the debate on intervention
from ‘whether' to ‘how.' With this critical recognition that mass atrocities present unique operational
challenges, ‘MARO' is a step closer to incorporation into military doctrine. National governments and the
international community badly need the MARO framework as an effective template for ‘soft' and ‘hard'
power responses before, during, and after preventable mass atrocities are committed.”
  - Senator (Retired Lieutenant General) Roméo A. Da llaire, Canadian Forces,
     Former Force Commander United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda

“The MARO Project provides a solid framework for Geographic Combatant Commander development of
contingency plans for mass atrocity situations. Tailored ‘on the shelf' plans would be invaluable in increasing
speed of framing the problem and developing appropriate response.”
  - Major General (Retired) Geoffrey C. Lambert, US Army, Former Commander,
    US Army Special Forces Command
 

  “An important addition to the very limited and fragmented body of work related to the subject of
atrocities in our time. Well done.”
  - General (Retired) Gordon R. Sullivan, US Army, Former Chief of Staff of the US Army

“The MARO Handbook should be on every planner's bookshelf in between Stability Operations
and Joint Publication 5-0. The analytical framework within is superb and provides a ‘mental pegboard'
in which to frame and understand the dynamic complexity of a mass atrocity environment. Beyond
understanding the problem, the Handbook provides the building blocks and precepts of military planning
for focused and effective intervention.”
  - Colonel Richard Richardson, US Army, Plans Division Chief (J35), US European Command
 

    




The MARO Project is a program of the Carr Center for Human Rights Policy, Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University
with support of the U.S. Army Peacekeeping and Stability Operations Institute.

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