Challenges of addressing the issue of children in armed conflict
Preventing child recruitment in armed forces and armed groups, demobilizing such forces, and reintegrating child soldiers into society are not simple tasks.
There are formidable challenges in implementing programs that aim to reintegrate children formerly associated with armed forces and groups in post-conflict states. Moreover, measuring the effectiveness of such programs poses difficult challenges.
For centuries, human beings have developed training programs and manuals detailing how exactly to train and make a soldier. But there is no manual on how to “unmake” a soldier.
Value of measurement
In order to address this challenge, policy makers need to understand the urgency and the complexity of dealing with such issues, and they need to base their policy decision on factual evidence and knowledge of impact and progress.
Since the The Graça Machel Report on the impact of armed conflict on children in 1996, the United Nations' Security Council has officially added the issue of children affected by war to its agenda and has adopted 6 resolutions. The Council also has approved and implemented an optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the involvement of children in armed conflict.
Recognition of urgency
Yet in order to implement these commitments, we need to understand and to believe that there is no "lost generation."
The capacity and resilience of the children, their families, and communities should not be underestimated, but instead should be built upon. Children who were associated with armed groups or forces can grow into positive members of their communities as in the cases in Africa, East Asia, and Central America. We have to work to make it happen in Iraq, in the Middle East, and everywhere where children are involved in armed conflicts.
As long as we all fulfill our duty to protect and assist children, this vision is not only necessary - it is possible.
( introduction to Ismael Beah's talkat the Harvard Kennedy School Forum)
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