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API-414
Citizen Politics
Syllabi
Spring 2009
1 credit
Pippa Norris
Class time:
Mondays and Wednesdays 2:40- 4:00pm
Class place:
Littauer 280
Shopping:
Monday 26th January 2009
First
class: Wednesday 28th Jan 2009
Last
class: Wednesday 29th April 2009
Lecturer:
Pippa Norris, McGuire Lecturer in
Comparative Politics
Office:
Littauer 110, Kennedy School of
Government
Office Hours:
Tuesdays 2.00-4.30pm (Sign-up sheet on the
door)
Fax: (617) 496 2850
Tel: (617) 495 1475
Email: Pippa_Norris@harvard.edu
Weblog:
http://pippanorris.typepad.com/
Class website:
www.pippanorris.com
under ‘classes’
Faculty
Assistant: Camiliakumari Wankaner
Office: Littauer 201 Tel: (617) 495
5994 Fax: (617) 496 6372
Email:
camiliakumari_wankaner@Harvard.Edu
Assessment: Course assignments, no exam
Aims and objectives of
STM103:
This course provides the
analytical knowledge and practical skills to understand patterns of mass
activism in democratic politics worldwide, including in established and
newer democracies. The course covers the nature of mass belief systems,
modes of political activism and protest politics, value change and
ideological orientations, electoral behavior, the structure of political
alignments, confidence in government, issues of political
representation, and the implications of citizen politics for democratic
institutions.
The first half of the
course will review the research literature to understand the theoretical
concepts and empirical literature. The second will then apply these in
research projects using cross-national time-series survey datasets, such
as the World Values Survey, the Afro-barometer, the Latin-Barometer, the
Euro-Barometer, and the European Social Survey. The course will also
provide an introduction to using Stata and/or SPSS for survey analysis.
The course will be
invaluable for any seeking to develop familiarity with the major
theories of mass activism and the practical skills in analyzing survey
data from the growing array of cross-national social surveys.
Class Schedule 2009:
|
Class |
Date |
Topic |
Due dates (i) |
|
|
|
Part I: Introduction: Analytical tools and datasets for social
research |
|
|
1 |
Wed 28 Jan |
Overview: Roadmap of the class |
|
|
2 |
Mon 2nd Feb |
The evolution of cross-national opinion research and data sources |
|
|
3 |
Wed 4th Feb |
Introduction to the first dataset: ISSP 2004 (GESIS) Lab exercise
#1 |
|
|
4 |
Mon 9th Feb |
Introduction to SPSS and Stata for survey analysis Lab exercise
#2 |
|
|
|
|
Part II: Theories and evidence of citizen politics |
|
|
5 |
Wed 11th Feb |
Modes of political participation |
#1 LabEx |
|
6 |
Wed 18th Feb |
Explanations of activism |
|
|
7 |
Mon 23rd Feb |
Values |
|
|
8 |
Wed 25th Feb |
Ideologies |
|
|
9 |
Mon 2nd Mar |
The social basis of party support: weakening cleavages? |
|
|
10 |
Wed 4th Mar |
Partisan loyalties and voting choice |
|
|
11 |
Mon 9th Mar |
Issue voting |
|
|
12 |
Wed 11th Mar |
Implications for democracy |
|
|
|
|
Part III: Analyzing citizen politics |
|
|
13 |
Mon 16th Mar |
Defining researchable questions |
#2 LitRev |
|
14 |
Wed 18th Mar |
Introduction to cross-national datasets and archives: Lab exercise
#3 |
|
|
15 |
Mon 30th Mar |
Selecting suitable cross-national cases and identifying datasets |
|
|
16 |
Wed 1st Apr |
Reality checks and replication: Lab exercise #4 |
|
|
17 |
Mon 6th Apr |
Professional presentation of multivariate analysis: Lab exercise #5 |
#3 LabEx |
|
18 |
Wed 8th Apr |
Effective graphics, figures and cases: Lab exercise #6 |
|
|
19 |
Mon 13th Apr |
Group discussion of research designs |
#4 Memo |
|
20 |
Mon 20th Apr |
Cross-national and time-series analysis |
|
|
21 |
Wed 22nd Apr |
Group discussion of draft report presentations |
|
|
22 |
Mon 27th Apr |
Contextual multi-level effects: Lab exercise #7 |
|
|
|
|
Conclusions |
|
|
23 |
Wed 29th Apr |
Conclusion & wrap up |
# 5 Report |
Note university holidays:
No class will be held on President’s Day (M 16 Feb), during
spring break (21-29th March) or due to a conflict schedule
involving international travel on Wed 15th Apr (i)
Assignments are due to be handed in at the start of the class on
these dates. Occasional guest speakers may be added to the schedule.
General points for all assignments:
-
Participants are expected to keep up with the required readings and to
attend classes every Monday and Wednesday.
-
Various survey dataset will be used in class for the lab exercises and
the assignments. See the ‘links’ section of the class website for
downloadable files.
-
Late policy: Barring an extraordinary excuse, all late assignments
will be marked down a third of a grade (such as from A to A-) for each
day following the due date.
-
Your assignments are designed to be crafted as professional reports,
representing evidence-based policy analysis, rather than written as
personal essays or standard academic papers. The aim is to produce
work which could be published by international agencies, multilateral
organizations, bilateral donors, and national governments, as well as
distributed internally within organizations. You need to consider how
your work would be read and critiqued by representatives from
governments and national stake-holders in the region. It needs to be
carefully written and supported by direct evidence derived from the
available datasets and from citations to existing research.
-
Communicate your argument in a clear, concise and effective manner,
designed for a non-technical readership. These are not academic
research papers designed for journal publication.
-
Use appendices and endnotes to explain more technical matters.
-
Use effective endnote references citing sources from the peer-reviewed
research literature, as suggested from the extensive readings listed
in the syllabi and others related publications. Use endnotes to
support any contentious claims, to provide your client with further
sources of evidence, and to acknowledge any data sources.
-
Use professional graphs, figures and tables with clear, short
descriptive titles, and with full explanatory notes and data sources
below each one.
-
Integrate short, vivid cases and concrete illustrations to illustrate
specific ‘good practice’ programs and strategies.
-
The standard you should seek to achieve is equivalent to the World
Bank Development Report or the UNDP Human Development Report. Consult
these sources to check the format and writing style.
1. The first two lab
exercises. Submission deadline: 11th Feb (10%)
Details will be given out in class. The exercises will be problem sets
which can be completed from the lab sessions.
2. The literature review
report chosen from discussion topics listed in classes 5-12.
Submission deadline: 16th March (20%)
Choose ONE of the discussion questions listed in the syllabus in classes
5-12. The literature review should draw upon the recommended readings
and research literature on the selected topic listed in the
syllabus, as well as upon any online resources and publications.
Your report should be structured with subheadings to cover the following
topics:
I.
The executive summary of the plan of your report and the major
conclusions;
II.
Summary of the core topic;
III.
Review of the literature organized thematically;
IV.
Conclusions and implications;
V.
Technical appendix (including longer tables, larger
graphs/figures, definition of indicators and sources, if used.)
VI.
Endnotes: comprehensive list of literature and references used in
the report.
The discussions during class will provide some ideas on these topics and
you are encouraged to work collaboratively with others, but each student
should submit his or her own report for an individual grade. The report
should be about 2,500-3,000 words in length in professional format. More
details will be given out in class nearer the deadline.
3. The next two lab
exercises. Submission deadline: 6th April (10%)
Details will be given out in class. The exercises will be problem sets
which can be completed from the lab sessions.
4. Research design memo.
Submission deadline: 13th April (10%)
You are asked to produce a 3-4 page memo summarizing your research
project. The memos will be presented in small groups in class to
generate feedback and discussion. Your memo should use the following
sub-heads:
I.
The executive summary of the plan of your report and the major
propositions;
II.
Summary of the core topic under investigation;
III.
Summary of the literature/arguments;
IV.
Summary of the dataset, questions, and methods used for analysis;
V.
Conclusions and next steps;
VI.
Technical appendix (including longer tables, larger
graphs/figures, definition of indicators and sources, and any
multivariate analysis tables, if used.)
VII.
Endnotes: comprehensive list of literature and references used in
the report.
5. Final research
report. Submission deadline: 29th April. (40%)
You are asked to develop a complete research report which integrates
what you have learnt throughout the class. The reports should be 15-25
pages in length, using the following subheadings:
I.
The executive summary of the plan of your report and the major
propositions;
II.
Summary of the core topic under investigation;
III.
Summary of the literature/arguments;
IV.
Summary of the dataset, questions, and methods used for analysis;
V.
Analysis and major findings
VI.
Conclusions and implications;
VII.
Technical appendix (including longer tables, larger
graphs/figures, definition of indicators and sources, and any
multivariate analysis tables, if used.)
VIII.
Endnotes: comprehensive list of literature and references used in
the report.
6. Class Participation
(10%)
Lastly,
everyone will be expected to participate in class, including through
brief class exercises. Sessions will involve discussing the readings,
group exercises, report presentations, case studies, and debates about
controversial issues.
You should plan to purchase the following available from
Amazon, the
Harvard Coop, and other bookshops.
Russell J. Dalton. 2008. Citizen Politics: Public opinion and
political parties in advanced industrialized democracies. Washington
DC, CQ Press. ISBN: 9 780872895379.
Glenn Firebaugh. 2008. Seven Rules for Social Research.
Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. ISBN: 9780691135670.
|
|
|
Part I:
Introduction: Analytical tools and datasets for social research
|
|
|
1 |
Wed 28 Jan |
Overview: Roadmap of the class |
|
|
|
Discussion topics |
·
Why have cross-national social and public opinion surveys expanded
so rapidly since the early-1990s?
·
What are the major pros and cons of using social surveys to gauge
public assessments of the quality of governance? |
|
|
|
Required readings |
None |
|
|
|
Recommended supplementary resources |
Russell J. Dalton. 2008. Citizen Politics: Public opinion and
political parties in advanced industrialized democracies.
Washington DC, CQ Press. ISBN: 9 780872895379. Ch 1 |
|
|
2 |
Mon 2nd Feb |
The evolution of cross-national opinion research and data sources |
|
|
|
Discussion topics |
·
What are the challenges of questionnaire measurement validity in
cross-national survey research? What techniques can help to minimize
these problems?
·
Can social and public opinion surveys be conducted with any degree
of reliability in states lacking the conditions of freedom of
expression? |
|
|
|
Required readings |
Norris, Pippa. 2008. ‘The Globalization of Comparative Public
Opinion Research.’ For the Sage
Handbook of Comparative Politics
Eds. Neil Robinson and Todd Landman. London: Sage Publications.
Available at
www.pippanorris.com |
|
|
|
Recommended supplementary resources |
Almond, Gabriel and Sidney Verba. Eds. 1980. The Civic Culture
Revisited. Boston: Little Brown.
Bulmer, M. (1986) The Chicago School of Sociology:
Institutionalization, Diversity, and the Rise of Sociological
Research. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Bulmer, M. (1993) Social Research in Developing Countries:
Surveys and Censuses in the Third World. London: Routledge.
Bulmer, M. (1998) ‘The problem of exporting social survey research’,
The American Behavioral Scientist 42(2): 153-167.
Bulmer, M., Bales, K. and Sklar, K.K. (eds) (1992) The social
survey in historical perspective, 1880-1940. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.
Converse, Jean M. (1987) Survey research in the United States:
Roots and emergence 1890-1960. Berkeley: University of
California Press
Donsbach, Wolfgang and Michael Traugott (2008) The SAGE Handbook
of Public Opinion Research. List of resources.
http://www.gesis.org/en/data_service/eurobarometer/handbook/index.htm
Geer, John (ed.) (2004) Public Opinion and Polling around the
World: A Historical Encyclopedia. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-Clio.
Heath, Anthony, Fisher, Stephen and Smith, Shawna (2005) ‘The
globalization of public opinion research’, Annual Review of
Political Studies 8: 297-333.
Jowell, Roger (1998) ‘How comparative is comparative research?’,
American Behavioral Scientist, 42, 168-177.
Jowell, Roger, Brook, Lindsay and Dowds, Lizanne (eds) (1993)
International Social Attitudes: The 10th British Social Attitudes
Report. Dartmouth.
Kuechler, Manfred (1987) ‘The utility of surveys for cross-national
research’, Social Science Research, 16, 229-244.
Kuechler, Manfred (1998) ‘The survey method: An indispensable tool
for social science research everywhere?’, American Behavioral
Scientist 42(2): 178-200.
van Deth, Jan. (ed.) (1998) Comparative Politics: The Problem of
Equivalence. London: Routledge.
Verba, Sidney (1971) ‘Cross-national survey research: the problem of
credibility’. In I. Vallier (ed.), Comparative methods in
sociology: Essays on trends and applications. Berkeley:
University of California Press. |
|
|
|
Online resources
(see
also the 'resources' link on the API414 website) |
Asia
Barometer
www.eastasiabarometer.org
and
http://www.asianbarometer.org/
EuroBarometer
http://europa.eu.int/comm/public_opinion/
European Social Survey
http://naticent02.uuhost.uk.uu.net
Gallup International Voice of the People
www.voice-of-the-people.net/
Global barometers
http://www.globalbarometer.net/
International Social Survey Program
http://www.issp.org/
Latinobarometro
www.latinobarometro.org
New
Europe Barometer
www.cspp.strath.ac.uk
Pew
Global Surveys
http://pewglobal.org/
World Values Study 1981-2005
http://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/
|
|
|
3 |
Wed 4th Feb |
Introduction to the first dataset: ISSP 2004 (GESIS) Lab exercise
#1 |
|
|
|
Discussion topics |
·
What concepts of citizen engagement underlie the questionnaire
design in the 2004 ISSP? What forms of engagement are excluded?
·
What underlying normative notions of democracy are implicit in the
design of the ISSP 2004?
·
What are the potential sources of measurement error arising from the
research design of the ISSP? |
|
|
|
Required readings |
Overview of topics, variables and questions (top item), the full
codebook and the data for the International Social Survey Program
(ISSP) 2004 survey are available for downloading from:
http://www.gesis.org/en/services/data/survey-data/issp/modules-study-overview/citizenship/
Lab exercises will use ZACAT, the online facility as GESIS to run
some simple descriptive statistics for the ISSP2004, including
frequencies and cross-tabs. No familiarity with the program is
needed before this session. |
|
|
|
Recommended supplementary resources |
Jowell, Roger, Caroline Roberts, Rory Fitzgerald and Gillian Eva.
Eds. 2007. Measuring Attitudes Cross-nationally. London: Sage
Publications. |
|
|
4 |
Mon 9th Feb |
Introduction to SPSS and Stata for survey analysis Lab exercise
#2 |
|
|
|
Required readings |
Overview of topics, variables and questions (top item), the full
codebook and the data for the International Social Survey Program
(ISSP) 2004 survey are available for downloading from:
http://www.gesis.org/en/services/data/survey-data/issp/modules-study-overview/citizenship/
Introductory Guide to Using Stata
Introductory Guide to Using SPSS
Introduction to using the Web of Science for literature reviews.
Click here for access to the
SSCI Web of Science |
|
|
|
|
Part II: Theories and evidence of citizen politics
|
|
|
5 |
Wed 11th Feb |
Modes of political participation |
#1 |
|
|
Discussion topics |
·
Does the traditional distinction between ‘conventional’ and
‘protest’ politics still make sense?
·
What measures of citizen engagement are available in social surveys
and what aspects of contemporary activism are lacking?
·
How would you construct reliable scales of citizen activism from the
ISSP-2004? |
|
|
|
Required readings |
Russell J. Dalton. 2008. Citizen Politics: Public opinion and
political parties in advanced industrialized democracies.
Washington DC, CQ Press. ISBN: 9 780872895379. Ch 3
Norris, Pippa. 2009.
‘Political activism: New challenges, new
opportunities.’ For the Oxford Handbook of Comparative
Politics Edited by Carles Boix and Susan Stokes (Oxford
University Press). Available at www.pippanorris.com |
|
|
|
Recommended supplementary resources |
Adrian, Charles and David A. Apter. 1995. Political Protest and
Social Change: Analyzing Politics. NY: New York University
Press.
Almond, Gabriel A. and Sidney Verba. 1989 [1963].The Civic
Culture: Political Attitudes and Democracy in Five Nations.
Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Almond, Gabriel A. and Sidney Verba. Eds. 1980. The Civic
Culture Revisited. Boston: Little Brown.
Barnes, Samuel and Max Kaase. 1979. Political Action: Mass
Participation in Five Western Democracies. Beverley Hills, CA:
Sage.
Blais, André and A. Dobrzynska. 1998. ‘Turnout in electoral
democracies.’ European Journal of Political Research. 33(2):
239-261.
Blais, André. 2000. To Vote or Not to Vote? The Merits and Limits
of Rational Choice Theory. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh
Press.
Burns, Nancy, Kay Lehman Schlozman and Sidney Verba. 2001. The
Private Roots of Public Action. Cambridge, MA: Harvard
University Press.
Dalton, Russell J. 2009. The Good Citizen: How a Younger
Generation is Reshaping American Politics. Washington, DC: CQ
Press.
Franklin, Mark N. 2004. Voter Turnout and the Dynamics of
Electoral Competition in Established Democracies Since 1945.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Jackman, Robert W. and Ross A. Miller. 1995. ‘Voter Turnout in the
Industrial Democracies during the 1980s.’ Comparative Political
Studies, 27: 467-92.
Jennings, M. Kent and Jan van Deth. 1989. Continuities in
Political Action. Berlin: deGruyter.
Marsh, Alan. 1977. Protest and Political Consciousness.
Beverly Hills, CA: Sage
McDonald, Michael P. and Samuel L. Popkin. 2001. ‘The myth of the
vanishing voter.’ American Political Science Review 95 (4):
963-974.
Norris, Pippa. 2002. Democratic Phoenix: Reinventing Political
Activism. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Norris, Pippa. 2004 Electoral Engineering: Voting Rules and
Political Behavior. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Pintor, Rafael Lopez and Maria Gratschew. 2004. Voter Turnout
Since 1945: A Global Report. Stockholm, International IDEA.
www.idea.int
Powell, G. Bingham. 1980. ‘Voting turnout in thirty democracies:
Partisan, legal and socioeconomic influences.’ In Electoral
Participation: A Comparative Analysis. Ed. Richard Rose. London:
Sage
Putnam, Robert D. 2000. Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival
of American Community. NY: Simon and Schuster.
Putnam, Robert D.. Ed. 2002. The Dynamics of Social Capital.
Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Rosenstone, Steve and Mark Hansen. 1993. Mobilization,
participation, and American democracy. Wasinton DC: CQ Press.
Verba, Sidney and Norman H. Nie. 1972. Participation in America:
political democracy and social equality. University of Chicago
Press, Chicago, IL.
Verba, Sidney, Kay Schlozman and Henry E. Brady. 1995. Voice and
Equality: Civic Voluntarism in American Politics. Cambridge, MA:
Harvard University Press.
Verba, Sidney, Norman H. Nie and Jae-on Kim. 1978. Participation
and Political Equality: A Seven-Nation Comparison. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press. |
|
|
6 |
Wed 18th Feb |
Explanations of activism |
|
|
|
Discussion topics |
·
What are the strengths and limitations of the civic volunteerism
model suggested by Verba and colleagues?
·
How far can we generalize from explanations of turnout to analyze
other dimensions of civic activism?
·
Is turnout eroding? |
|
|
|
Required readings |
Russell J. Dalton. 2008. Citizen Politics: Public opinion and
political parties in advanced industrialized democracies.
Washington DC, CQ Press. ISBN: 9 780872895379. Ch 4 |
|
|
|
Recommended supplementary resources |
See class 5 |
|
|
7 |
Mon 23rd Feb |
Values |
|
|
|
Discussion topics |
·
What is Inglehart’s theory of the cultural roots of democratic
regimes?
·
Is support for democracy a universal value? |
|
|
|
Required readings |
Russell J. Dalton. 2008. Citizen Politics: Public opinion and
political parties in advanced industrialized democracies.
Washington DC, CQ Press. ISBN: 9 780872895379. Ch 5 |
|
|
|
Recommended supplementary resources |
Almond, Gabriel A. and Sidney Verba. 1963. The Civic Culture:
Political Attitudes and Democracy in Five Nations. Princeton:
Princeton University Press.
Almond, Gabriel and Sidney Verba. Eds. 1980. The Civic Culture
Revisited. Boston: Little Brown.
Diamond, Larry and Marc F. Plattner. 2008. Eds. How People View
Democracy. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins Press.
Inglehart, Ronald and Christopher Welzel. 2003. ‘Political culture
and democracy - Analyzing cross-level linkages.’ Comparative
Politics 36 (1): 61-+.
Inglehart, Ronald and Christopher Welzel. 2005. Modernization,
Cultural Change, and Democracy: The Human Development Sequence.
New York: Cambridge University Press.
Inglehart, Ronald. 2000. Modernization and Postmodernization.
Princeton, N.J: Princeton University Press.
Inglehart, Ronald. 2003. ‘How Solid is Mass Support for Democracy
and How Do We Measure It?’ PS: Political Science and Politics.
Inglehart, Ronald, Basàñez, Miguel, Dìez-Medrano, Jaime, Halman,
Loek and Luijkx, Ruud (eds).2004. Human Beliefs and Values: A
cross-cultural sourcebook. Mexico: Siglo XXI Editores.
Inglehart, Ronald and Pippa Norris. 2003. Rising Tide: Gender
Equality and Cultural Change around the World. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.
Sarsfield, R. and F. Echegaray. 2006. ‘Opening the black box: How
satisfaction with democracy and its perceived efficacy affect regime
preference in Latin America.’ International Journal of Public
Opinion Research 18 (2): 153-173
Seligson, Mitchell. A. 2002. ‘The renaissance of political culture
or the renaissance of the ecological fallacy?’ Comparative
Politics. 34 (3): 273.
Tessler, Mark and E. Gao E. 2005. ‘Gauging
Arab support for democracy’ Journal
Of Democracy 16 (3): 83-97.
Welzel, Chris, Ronald Inglehart, and Hans-Dieter Klingemann. 2003.
‘The theory of human development: A cross-cultural analysis.’
European Journal of Political Research 42 (3): 341-379. |
|
|
8 |
Wed 25th Feb |
Ideologies |
|
|
|
Discussion topics |
·
Is there a coherent cluster of attitudes and values associated with
left-right ideological orientations?
·
What are the core values associated with societal modernization?
·
Is modernization associated with the ‘end of ideology’ (Bell) or
only the end of ‘left-right’ ideological values? |
|
|
|
Required readings |
Russell J. Dalton. 2008. Citizen Politics: Public opinion and
political parties in advanced industrialized democracies.
Washington DC, CQ Press. ISBN: 9 780872895379. Ch 5 |
|
|
|
Recommended supplementary resources |
See class 7 plus
Bell, Daniel. 1999. The Coming of Post-Industrial Society: A
Venture in Social Forecasting. New York: Basic Books. (1st
edition 1973)
Klingemann, Hans-Dieter. 1979. ‘Measuring ideological
conceptualizations.’ In Political Action. Eds. Samuel Barnes
and Max Kaase et al. Beverley Hills, CA: Sage Publications.
Fuchs, Dieter and Hans-Dieter Klingemann. 1989. ‘The Left-Right
Schema.’ In Continuities in Political Action. Eds. M. Kent
Jennings and Jan van Deth. Berlin: de Gruyter. |
|
|
9 |
Mon 2nd Mar |
The social basis of party support: weakening cleavages? |
|
|
|
Discussion topics |
·
Are traditional social cleavages weakening or being reinvented as
cues for voting behavior and party choice?
·
Is class still relevant for voting behavior? |
|
|
|
Required readings |
Russell J. Dalton. 2008. Citizen Politics: Public opinion and
political parties in advanced industrialized democracies.
Washington DC, CQ Press. ISBN: 9 780872895379. Ch 7 and 8 |
|
|
|
Recommended supplementary resources |
Alford, Robert R. 1967. ‘Class Voting in the Anglo-American
Political Systems.’ In Party Systems and Voter Alignments: Cross
National Perspectives, ed. Seymour M. Lipset and Stein Rokkan.
New York: The Free Press.
Dalton, Russell and Hans-Dieter Klingemann, eds. Oxford Handbook
of Political Behavior. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Evans, Geoffrey. 1999.
The End of Class Politics?
Ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Evans, Geoffrey. 2000. ‘The continued significance of class
voting.’ Annual Review of Political Science 3: 401-417
Franklin, Mark, Tom Mackie, Henry Valen, et al. 1992. Electoral
Change: Responses to Evolving Social and Attitudinal Structures in
Western Countries. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Gunther, Richard, Puhle, Hans-Jürgen and Montero, José Ramón (eds)
(2007) Democracy, Intermediation, and Voting on Four Continents.
Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Inglehart, Ronald and Pippa Norris. 2003. Rising Tide. New
York: Cambridge University Press.
Jelen, Ted Gerard and Clyde Wilcox. Eds. 2002. Religion and
Politics in Comparative Perspective. New York: Cambridge
University Press.
Kaase, Max and Newton, Kenneth (1995) Beliefs in Government.
Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Kitschelt, Herbert. 1994. The Transformation of European Social
Democracy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Knutsen,
Oddbjorn. 2006. Class Voting in Western Europe: A Comparative
Longitudinal Study. Latham, MD: Lexington Books.
Lipset, Seymour Martin and Stein Rokkan. 1967. Party Systems and
Voter Alignments. New York: Free Press.
Nieuwbeerta, Paul. 1995. The Democratic Class Struggle in Twenty
Countries 1945-90.
Amsterdam Thesis Publishers.
Norris, Pippa and Ronald Inglehart. 2005. Sacred and Secular.
New York: Cambridge University Press.
Norris, Pippa. 2004. Electoral Engineering. New York:
Cambridge University Press.
Thomassen, Jacques (ed.) (2005) The European Voter. Oxford:
Oxford University Press. |
|
|
10 |
Wed 4th Mar |
Partisan loyalties and voting choice |
|
|
|
Discussion topics |
·
Is there good evidence that mass partisan loyalties have eroded in
established and newer democracies?
·
Does the concept of partisan identification provide a useful
analytical tool in Western European democracies? |
|
|
|
Required readings |
Russell J. Dalton. 2008. Citizen Politics: Public opinion and
political parties in advanced industrialized democracies.
Washington DC, CQ Press. ISBN: 9 780872895379. Ch 9 |
|
|
|
Recommended supplementary resources |
See class 9 plus
Campbell, Angus , Philip Converse, Warren Miller, and Donald Stokes.
1960. The American Voter. University of Chicago Press.
Clarke,
Harold, and Marianne Stewart. 1998. ‘The decline of parties in the
minds of citizens.’ Annual Review of Political Science 1:
357-78.
Converse, Philip. 1964. ‘The nature of belief systems in mass
publics.’ In David Apter, eds. Ideology and Discontent.
New York: Free Press.
Crewe, Ivor, Jim Alt and Bo Sarlvik. 1977. ‘Partisan dealignment in
Britain 1964-1974.’ British Journal of Political Science 7:
129-90;
Crewe,Ivor and David Denver. Eds. 1985. Electoral Change in
Western Democracies: Patterns and Sources of Electoral Volatility.
New York: St. Martin's Press
Dalton, Russell and Hans-Dieter Klingemann, eds. Oxford Handbook
of Political Behavior. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Dalton, Russell, and Martin P. Wattenberg. Ed. 2000. Parties
without Partisans: Political Change in Advanced Industrial
Democracies. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Diamond, Larry and Richard Gunther. 2001. Political Parties and
Democracy. Johns Hopkins Press.
Green, Donald, Bradley Palmquist, and Eric Schickler. 2002.
Partisan Hearts and Minds: Political Parties and the Social
Identities of Voters. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Gunther, Richard, Jose Ramon Montero and Joan J. Linz. 2002.
Political Parties: Old Concepts and New Challenges. Oxford:
Oxford University Press.
Holmberg,
Sören. 1994. Party identification compared across the Atlantic. In
M. Kent Jennings and Thomas Mann, eds., Elections at Home and
Abroad. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
Kitschelt, Herbert, Zdenka Mansfeldova, Radoslaw Markowski and Gabor
Toka. 1999. Post-Communist Party Systems. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.
Kitschelt, Herbert. 1994. The Transformation of European Social
Democracy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Lewis-Beck, Michael, Helmut Norpoth, William G. Jacoby, and Herbert
F. Weisberg. 2008. The American Voter Revisited. University of
Michigan Press.
Lipset, Seymour Martin and Stein Rokkan. 1967. Party Systems and
Voter Alignments. New York: Free Press.
Nie, Norman, Sidney Verba and John Petrocik. 1976. The Changing
American Voter. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Rose, Richard and Derek W. Urwin 1970. ‘Persistence and Change in
Western Party Systems Since 1945.’ Political Studies
18:287-319.
Toka, Gabor. 1998. Party appeals and voter loyalty in new
democracies. In Richard Hofferbert, ed. Parties and Democracy.
Oxford: Blackwell. |
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11 |
Mon 9th Mar |
Issues, leaders, and performance voting |
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Discussion topics |
·
Are short-term factors (including issues, leaders, government
performance, and media campaigns) increasingly significant drivers
in voting behavior? |
|
|
|
Required readings |
Russell J. Dalton. 2008. Citizen Politics: Public opinion and
political parties in advanced industrialized democracies.
Washington DC, CQ Press. ISBN: 9 780872895379. Ch 10 |
|
|
|
Recommended supplementary resources |
Aarts, Kees, Andre Blais, and Hermann Schmitt. 2005. Political
Leaders and Democratic Elections. Oxford: Oxford University
Press.
Anderson, Christopher. 1995. Blaming the Government: Citizens and
the Economy in Five European Democracies. Armonk, NY: M.E.
Sharpe
Dalton, Russell and Hans-Dieter Klingemann, eds. Oxford Handbook
of Political Behavior. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Voltmer, Katrin. Ed. 2006. Mass media and political
communication in new democracies. London: Routledge. |
|
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12 |
Wed 11th Mar |
Implications for democracy |
#2 |
|
|
Discussion topics |
·
What are the implications of cultural change for democratic values
and attitudes?
·
Is there good evidence for the ‘critical citizens’ thesis? |
|
|
|
Required readings |
Russell J. Dalton. 2008. Citizen Politics: Public opinion and
political parties in advanced industrialized democracies.
Washington DC, CQ Press. ISBN: 9 780872895379. Ch 12 |
|
|
|
Recommended supplementary resources |
Anderson, Christopher J., and Christine A. Guillory. 1997.
“Political Institutions and Satisfaction With Democracy.”
American Political Science Review 91(1):66-81.
Anderson, Christopher. 1995. Blaming the Government: Citizens and
the Economy in Five European Democracies. New York: M.E.Sharpe.
Citrin, Jack. 1974. “Comment: The Political Relevance of Trust in
Government.” American Political Science Review 68:973-88.
Craig, Stephen C. 1993. The Malevolent Leaders: Popular
Discontent in America. Boulder, CO.: Westview Press.
Crozier, Michel, Samuel P. Huntington, and Joji Watanuki. 1975.
The Crisis of Democracy: Report on the Governability of Democracies
to the Trilateral Commission. New York: New York University
Press.
Easton, David. 1975. “A Reassessment of the Concept of Political
Support.” British Journal of Political Science, 5:435-57.
Fuchs, Dieter, Giovanna Guidorossi, and Palle Svensson. 1995.
“Support for the Democratic System.” In Citizens and the State,
eds. Klingemann, Hans-Dieter and Fuchs, Dieter. Oxford:
Oxford University Press.
Kaase, Max, and Kenneth Newton. 1995. Beliefs in Government.
New York: Oxford University Press.
Lipset, Seymour M., and William C. Schneider. 1987. The
Confidence Gap: Business, Labor, and Government in the Public Mind,
rev. ed. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Listhaug, Ola, and Matti Wiberg. 1995. “Confidence in Political and
Private Institutions.” In Citizens and the State, eds.
Hans-Dieter Klingemann and Dieter Fuchs. Oxford: Oxford University
Press.
Listhaug, Ola. 1995. “The Dynamics of Trust in Politicians.” In
Citizens and the State, eds. Hans-Dieter Klingemann and Dieter
Fuchs. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Miller, Arthur H. 1974a. “Political Issues and Trust in
Government, 1964-1970.” American Political Science Review
68: 951-72.
Miller, Arthur H. 1974b. “Rejoinder to 'Comment' by Jack Citrin:
Political Discontent or Ritualism?.” American Political Science
Review 68:989-1001.
Norris, Pippa. Ed. 1999. Critical Citizens. New York: OUP.
Nye, Joseph S. 1997. “Introduction: The Decline Of Confidence In
Government.” In Why People Don't Trust Government, eds.
Joseph S. Nye, Philip D. Zelikow, and David C. King.
Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Putnam, Robert D. 1995a. “Bowling Alone: America's Declining Social
Capital.” Journal of Democracy 6:65-78.
Putnam, Robert D. 1995b. “Tuning In, Tuning Out: The Strange
Disappearance of Social Capital in America.” P.S.: Political
Science and Politics XXVIII(4):664-83. |
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Part III: Analyzing citizen politics
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13 |
Mon 16th Mar |
Defining researchable questions |
#2LitRev |
|
|
Discussion topics |
·
What are the key research issues emerging from your readings in Part
II of the class which you want to develop as your research report?
·
What are the key testable empirical propositions which you want to
examine?
·
How would you seek to operationalize the key concepts? |
|
|
|
Required readings |
Firebaugh, Glenn. 2008. Seven Rules for Social Research.
Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. ISBN: 9780691135670. Chs
1 and 2 |
|
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14 |
Wed 18th Mar |
Introduction to cross-national survey datasets and data archives:
Applied Lab Exercise #3 |
|
|
|
Required readings |
Prior to the class you should consider which dataset you want to
use, browse the following, and download the codebook and technical
details. |
|
|
|
Online resources |
Asia Barometer
www.eastasiabarometer.org and
http://www.asianbarometer.org/
EuroBarometer
http://europa.eu.int/comm/public_opinion/
European Social Survey
http://naticent02.uuhost.uk.uu.net
Gallup International Voice of the People
www.voice-of-the-people.net/
Global barometers
http://www.globalbarometer.net/
International Social Survey Program
http://www.issp.org/
Latinobarometro
www.latinobarometro.org
New Europe Barometer
www.cspp.strath.ac.uk
Pew Global Surveys
http://pewglobal.org/
World Values Study 1981-2005
http://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/
World Public Opinion
http://www.worldpublicopinion.org/ |
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14 |
Mon 30th Mar |
Selecting suitable cross-national cases and datasets |
|
|
|
Discussion topics |
·
What are the main criteria you recommend in selecting cases and why?
·
What are the advantages and disadvantages of the ‘most similar’ and
the ‘most different’ research designs? |
|
|
|
Required readings |
Firebaugh, Glenn. 2008. Seven Rules for Social Research.
Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. ISBN: 9780691135670. Ch5 |
|
|
|
Recommended supplementary resources |
Boix, Carles and Susan Stokes. Eds. 2007. The Oxford Handbook of
Comparative Politics. Oxford University Press.
Brady, Henry and David Collier. 2004. Rethinking social inquiry:
Diverse tools, shared standards. New York: Rowman & Littlefield
Publishers.
Collier, David, James Mahoney and Jason Seawright. 2004. ‘Claiming
too much: Warnings about selection bias.’ In Rethinking Social
Inquiry: Diverse Tools,Shared Standards. Ed. Henry E. Brady and
David Collier. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield.
Collier, David. ‘The comparative method’. In Political Science:
The State of the Discipline ed A. W.Finifter. Washington DC:
APSA.
Geddes, Barbara. 2003. Paradigms and Sand Castles: Theory
building and research design in comparative politics. Chapter 3.
Ann Arbor, MI: The University of Michigan Press.
George, Alexander L. and Andrew Bennett. 2004. Case Studies and
Theory Development. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
Geering, John. 2007. Case Study research: Principles and
Practices. Cambridge University Press.
King, Gary, Robert Keohane et al. 1994. Designing Social Inquiry.
Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Munck, Geraldo and R. Snyder. Eds. 2007. Passion, Craft and
Method in Comparative Politics. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins
Press.
Przeworski, Adam and H. Teune. 1970. The Logic of Comparative
Social Inquiry. R.E.Kreiger.
Ragin, Charles C. 2000. Fuzzy-Set Social Science. Chicago:
University of Chicago. |
|
|
16 |
Wed 1st Apr |
Reality checks and replications: Lab exercise #4 |
|
|
|
Discussion topics |
·
What are the main potential sources of error in terms of sampling,
measurement, coverage and non-response? What techniques are
appropriate to guard against these errors?
·
How can multi-method approaches help interpret the meaning of survey
results? |
|
|
|
Required readings |
Firebaugh, Glenn. 2008. Seven Rules for Social Research.
Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. ISBN: 9780691135670. Ch 3
and 4 |
|
|
17 |
Mon 6th Apr |
Professional presentation of multivariate analysis: Applied Lab
exercises #5 |
|
|
|
Required readings |
Miller, Jane E. 2005. The Chicago Guide to Writing about
Multivariate Analysis. University of Chicago Press. (extract) |
|
|
18 |
Wed 8th Apr |
Effective graphics, figures and cases: Applied Lab exercises #6 |
#3LabEx |
|
|
Required readings |
Lab exercise |
|
|
19 |
Mon 13th Apr |
Group discussions of research design |
#4 memo |
|
|
Required readings |
Workgroup discussions of your research design memos |
|
|
15 |
Mon 20th Apr |
Cross-national and time-series analysis |
|
|
|
Discussion topics |
·
What are the key challenges in cross-national time-series analysis?
|
|
|
|
Required readings |
Firebaugh, Glenn. 2008. Seven Rules for Social Research.
Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. ISBN: 9780691135670. Ch6 |
|
|
|
Recommended supplementary resources |
Beck, Nathaniel and Jonathan Katz. 1995. ‘What to do (and not to do)
with Time-Series Cross-Section Data.’ American Political Science
Review. 89: 634-647.
Beck, Nathaniel and Jonathan Katz. 1996. ‘Nuisance vs. substance:
Specifying and estimating time-series cross-sectional models.’ In
Political Analysis Ed. J. Freeman. Ann Arbor: University of
Michigan Press.
Hsiao, Cheng M. 1986. Analysis of panel data. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.
Stimson, James A. 1985. ‘Regression in time and space: A statistical
essay.’ American Journal of Political Science 29:914–47.
Wilson, Sven E. and David M. Butler. 2007. ‘A lot more to do: The
sensitivity of time-series cross-section analyses to simple
alternative specifications.’ Political Analysis 15 (2):
101-123. |
|
|
21 |
Wed 22nd Apr |
Group discussion of draft report presentations |
|
|
|
Required readings |
Workgroup discussion of your draft report presentations |
|
|
22 |
Mon 27th Apr |
Contextual Multilevel effects: Applied Lab exercise #7 |
|
|
|
Required readings |
Firebaugh, Glenn. 2008. Seven Rules for Social Research.
Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. ISBN: 9780691135670. Ch7 |
|
|
|
|
Conclusions |
|
|
23 |
Wed 29th Apr |
Conclusion & wrap up |
# 5 Report |
|
John
F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University
