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John Donahue
 Government has become a refuge, and a relic, of America’s crumbling middle-class economy. As the public and private worlds of work have veered in different directions, the gaps between them are warping government work in unintended ways.
Three decades of economic turbulence have rendered American workplaces more demanding and less secure, more rewarding for high-end workers and punishing for workers without advanced skills. This workplace revolution, however, has largely bypassed government. Public employees—representing roughly one-sixth of the total workforce—still work under the conditions of dampened risk and constrained opportunity that marked most of the economy during the middle-class boom following World War II.
The divergent paths of public and private employment have intensified a long-standing pattern: elite workers spurn public jobs, while less skilled workers cling to government work as a refuge from a harsh private economy. The first trend creates a chronic talent deficit in the public sector. The second trend makes the government workplace rigid and resistant to change. And both contribute to shortfalls in public-sector performance.
The Warping of Government Work documents government’s isolation from the rest of the American economy and arrays the stark choices we confront for narrowing, or accommodating, the divide between public and private work.
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 Linda Bilmes & Joseph Stiglitz. Apart from its tragic human toll, the Iraq War will be staggeringly expensive in financial terms. This sobering study by Nobel Prize winner Joseph E. Stiglitz and Harvard professor Linda J. Bilmes casts a spotlight on expense items that have been hidden from the U.S. taxpayer, including not only big-ticket items like replacing military equipment (being used up at six times the peacetime rate) but also the cost of caring for thousands of wounded veterans—for the rest of their lives. Shifting to a global focus, the authors investigate the cost in lives and economic damage within Iraq and the region. Finally, with the chilling precision of an actuary, the authors measure what the U.S. taxpayer's money would have produced if instead it had been invested in the further growth of the U.S. economy. Written in language as simple as the details are disturbing, this book will forever change the way we think about the war. Available for purchase at The Harvard Coop, The Harvard Bookstore, and Amazon.com |
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Tony Saich. The key challenges facing China in the next two decades derive from the ongoing process of urbanization. China's urbanization rate in 2005 was about 43%. Over the next 10-15 years, it is expected to rise to well over 50%, adding an additional 200 million mainly rural migrants to the current urban population of 560 million. How China copes with such a large migration flow will strongly influence rural-urban inequality, the pace at which urban centers expand their economic performance, and the urban environment. The growing population will necessitate a big push strategy to maintain a high rate of investment in housing and the urban physical infrastructure and urban services. To finance such expansion will require a significant strengthening and diversification of China's financial system. Growing cities will greatly increase consumption of energy and water. Containing this without at the same time constraining the economic performance of cities or the improvement in the standards of living will call for enlightened policies, strategies, careful urban planning, and significant technological advances. This volume identifies the key developments to watch and discusses the policies which would affect the course as well as the fruitfulness of change. |
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 Viktor Mayer-Schoenberger & David Lazer, Eds. Developments in information and communication technology and networked computing over the past two decades have given rise to the notion of electronic government, most commonly used to refer to the delivery of public services over the Internet. This volume argues for a shift from the narrow focus of "electronic government" on technology and transactions to the broader perspective of information government--the information flows within the public sector, between the public sector and citizens, and among citizens--as a way to understand the changing nature of governing and governance in an information society.
Controbutors discuss the interplay between recent technological developments and evolving information flows, and the implications of different information flows for efficiency, political mobilization, and democratic accountability. The chapters are accompanied by short case studies from around the world, which cover such topics as electronic government efforts in Singapore and Switzerland, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's effort to solicit input on planned regulations over the Internet, and online activism "cyberprotesting" globalization. MIT Press |
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Julian Chang & Steven M. Goldstein, Eds. This book provides a discussion of the general impact of WTO membership on both sides of the Taiwan Strait, and addresses the political and economic impact on cross-Strait relations of common membership.
The book begins with an introduction which analyzes the state of cross-Strait economic and political relations on the eve of dual accession to the WTO and briefly introduces the chapters which follow. The first chapter discusses the concessions made by both sides in their accession agreements and is followed by two chapters which describe the manner in which the Taiwan economy was reformed to achieve compliance as well as the specific, restrictive trade regime that was put into place to manage mainland trade. The next two chapters deal with the implications of that restrictive trade regime for the Taiwan economy in Asia and with the nature of the interactions between the two sides within the WTO. The final four chapters of the volume examine the impact of membership on four sectors of the economy: finance; agriculture; electronics and automobiles. There is a post-script which briefly covers developments since the chapters were completed.
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 Archon Fung. "Which SUVs are most likely to rollover? What cities have the unhealthiest drinking water? Which factories are the most dangerous polluters? What cereals are the most nutritious? In recent decades, governments have sought to provide answers to such critical questions through public disclosure to force manufacturers, water authorities, and others to improve their products and practices. Corporate financial disclosure, nutritional labels, and school report cards are examples of such targeted transparency policies. At best, they create a light-handed approach to governance that improves markets, enriches public discourse, and empowers citizens. But such policies are frequently ineffective or counterproductive. Based on an analysis of eighteen U.S. and international policies, Full Disclosure shows that information is often incomplete, incomprehensible, or irrelevant to consumers, investors, workers, and community residents. To be successful, transparency policies must be accurate, keep ahead of disclosers' efforts to find loopholes, and, above all, focus on the needs of ordinary citizens. " - Cambridge University Press |
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 Joan Kaufman, Arthur Kleinman & Tony Saich, eds.
Read the complete book here.
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Cary Coglianese and Jennifer Nash, Editors. Leveraging the Private Sector offers the first sustained analysis of public and private sector initiatives designed to encourage firms and industries to use their own management expertise to improve their environmental performance. Cary Coglianese and Jennifer Nash bring together original empirical studies by the nation’s leading experts on recent public and private sector experiments. Do management-based strategies lead to improved environmental outcomes? What kinds of strategies hold the most promise? Leveraging the Private Sector addresses these questions through studies of state pollution prevention planning laws, private sector purchasing requirements, and federal risk management regulations, among others.
The contributors show that efforts to leverage private sector experience and knowledge can have a distinctive contribution in the future of environmental protection. Ultimately, a firm's broader management practices shape its environmental performance. Public and private sector strategies that seek to influence these practices directly can help bring about further environmental improvements. This book breaks new ground by investigating a new and promising approach for advancing the economy and the environment.
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| Patents summarizes four decades of pioneering research by F.M. Scherer on the economics of patent protection. This book is distinguished by concern for the role of patents in a global context and by thorough investigation into the utility of patent counts as instruments for measuring the magnitude and consequences of technological invention. The book also includes a detailed new introduction by F.M. Scherer. |
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Ashley Brown, Jon Stern & Bernard Tenenbaum. This book provides an analytical framework and supporting instruments for evaluating the performance of new infrastructure regulators in developing countries. It argues that an evaluation must examine both regulatory governance (the "how" of regulation) as well as regulatory substance (the "what" of regulation). If the evaluation is to produce useful "second generation" reforms, it must examine how formal elements of the regulatory system have been implemented in practice and the effect of these elements on sector performance. It describes how to "operationalize" the independent regulator model and elements of possible transitional regulatory systems. Examples are generally drawn from electricity regulation but the analytical framework, questionnaires and interview protocols can be easily adapted to other infrastructure sectors. |
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 Viktor Mayer-Schoenberger. In 1995 the members of the European Union agreed on a common legal framework
for the protection of personal data. This framework has been implemented in
the member states, and significantly changed the way personal data is
acquired, processed and transferred by the public and the private sector. In
addition, the European Court of Justice has recently published its first
major ruling on the European data privacy framework, widening its reach. "Datenschutzgesetz" is a treatise and collection of the resulting Data
Protection Law, as well as related regulations, and also includes the "Safe
Harbor" framework between the US and the European Union on data privacy
issues.
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 Robert Stavins.
Everyone agrees that firms should obey the law. But beyond the law -- beyond compliance with regulations -- do firms have additional social responsibilities to commit resources voluntarily to environmental protection? How should we think about firms sacrificing profits in the social interest? May they do so within the scope of their fiduciary responsibilities to their shareholders? Is the practice sustainable, or will the competitive marketplace render such efforts and their impacts transient at best? Furthermore, is the practice, however well intended, an efficient use of social and economic resources? And do some firms already behave this way? Until now, public discussion has generated more heat than light on both the normative and positive questions surrounding corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the environmental realm. In Environmental Protection and the Social Responsibility of Firms, some of the nation's leading scholars in law, economics, and business examine commonly accepted assumptions at the heart of current debates on CSR and provide a foundation for future research and policymaking.
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 David Lazer.
Is DNA technology the ultimate diviner of guilt or the ultimate threat to civil liberties? Over the past decade, DNA has been used to exonerate hundreds and to convict thousands. Its expanded use over the coming decade promises to recalibrate significantly the balance between collective security and individual freedom. For example, it is possible that law enforcement DNA databases will expand to include millions of individuals not convicted of any crime. Moreover, depending on what rules govern access, such databases could also be used for purposes that range from determining paternity to assessing predispositions to certain diseases or behaviors. Thus the use of DNA technology will involve tough trade-offs between individual and societal interests. This book, written by a distinguished group of authors including U.S. Supreme Court Justice Stephen Breyer, explores the ethical, procedural, and economic challenges posed by the use of DNA evidence as well as future directions for the technology. After laying the conceptual historical, legal, and scientific groundwork for the debate, the book considers bioethical issues raised by the collection of DNA, including the question of control over DNA databases. The authors then turn to the possible genetic bases of human behavior and the implications of this still-unresolved issue for the criminal justice system. Finally, the book examines the current debate over the many roles that DNA can and should play in criminal justice.
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 Catharine B. Hill, Malcolm F. McPherson.
This collection of essays examines Zambia's efforts to promote economic reform during the 1990s. Following the restoration of democratic rule, the Government of Zambia adopted an ambitious program designed to stabilize the economy and lay the foundation for sustained growth and development. These essays describe the adjustment program, highlighting the attempts to reform the budget, the tax system, the financial system, agriculture and mining, and to create the human capacity to sustain the reforms. Major improvements in economic performance occurred from 1992 to 1995. After that, however, economic performance deteriorated as a result of the Government's selective abandonment of key elements of the reform program and the emergence of major governance problems. In response to international pressure, by 2001 the Government completed the sale of the copper mines and qualified for large-scale debt relief. The long delays involved seriously undermined economic performance. The volume concludes that for economic reform to succeed in Zambia, the Government should scale back its development agenda to match its financial and human capacities, reduce dependence on foreign aid, adopt and maintain prudent macroeconomic policies, and support the expansion of both mining and agriculture.
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 Ira Jackson and Jane Nelson.
Companies today are under intense pressure to rebuild public trust and to be competitive in a global economy. To do this they must act responsibly, transparently and with integrity, while remaining profitable and innovative. They must engage with activists as well as analysts, cooperate as well as compete, manage social and environmental risks as well as market risks, and leverage their intangible assets as well as their financial and physical assets. The authors present seven business disciplines that incorporate values-based management into corporate strategy and core operations:
1) Harness Innovation for Public Good,
2) Put People at the Center,
3) Spread Economic Opportunity,
4) Engage in New Alliances,
5) Be Performance-driven in Everything,
6) Practice Superior Governance,
7) Pursue Purpose Beyond Profit. More than a book about achieving value with values, Profits with Principles is a roadmap to restoring public trust and investor confidence in the corporate world.
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 Mary Ruggie.
Millions of Americans are using complementary and alternative medicine and spending billions of dollars, out of pocket, for it. Why? Do the therapies work? Are they safe? Are any covered by insurance? How is the medical profession responding to the growing use of therapies that were only recently thought of as quackery? These are some of the many questions asked and answered in this book. It describes a transformation in the status of alternative medicine within health care. Paving the way toward legitimacy is research currently underway and funded by the National Institutes of Health. This research is proving the safety and efficacy of certain therapies and the harm or inefficacy of others. Although some therapies will remain alternative to medicine, others are becoming complementary, and still others are busting the boundaries and contributing to a new approach to health and healing called integrative medicine.
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 Richard Zeckhauser.
This book - based on the careful examination of more than 500,000 college applications to fourteen elite colleges, and hundreds of interviews with students, counselors, and admissions officers - provides an extraordinarily thorough analysis of early admissions. In clear language it details the advantages and pitfalls of applying early as it provides a map for students and parents to navigate the process. Unlike college admissions guides, The Early Admissions Game reveals the realities of early applications, how they work and what effects they have. The authors frankly assess early applications. Applying early is not for everyone, but it will improve - sometimes double, even triple - the chances of being admitted to a prestigious college.
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 Pepper Culpepper.
How can states convince private actors to cooperate with one another? As governments across the industrialized world are discovering, this is the basic challenge posed by many current reforms of economic, social, and environmental policy. The paradigmatic case of such a policy is the development of private investment in human capital. Creating Cooperation is an inquiry into why governments in France and Germany succeeded or failed during the 1990s in implementing such policies, whose success depended on the capacity of governments to elicit large increases in private sector investment in workplace training.
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 Lewis Branscomb.
In this book, Lewis Branscomb and Philip Auerswald address early-stage, high-tech innovation in the context of business decision making an innovation policy. The topics addressed include the extent to which purely technical risk is separable from market risk; how industrial managers make decisions on funding early-stage, high-risk technology projects; and under what circumstances government can and should act to reduce the technical risks of innovative projects so that firms will invest in them.
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 Cary Coglianese and Jennifer Nash.
Environmental Management Systems (EMSs) offer an approach to regulatory policy that lies somewhere between free-market and traditional command-and-control methods. Worldwide, hundreds of thousands of firms have adopted these internally managed systems for improving environmental performance. In the U.S., the Environmental Protection Agency established a special recognition for firms that adopt EMSs. Yet, while both private and public-sector interest have been booming, the enthusiasm of proponents contrasts sharply with the limited empirical evidence that is available about the efficacy of EMSs. To close the gap between advocacy and analysis, Regulating from the Inside, brings together cutting-edge work of leading scholars, providing the most comprehensive analysis to date of environmental management systems. Addressing the arguments of both advocates and skeptics, the chapters examine why firms adopt EMSs; how firms implement EMSs; how EMSs answer concerns about fairness, corporate social responsibility, and sustainability; and what kind of impact EMSs may have on the global economy.
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 John Donahue.
Hazardous Crosscurrents: Confronting Inequality in an Era of Devolution is one in the Devolution Revolution series of the Century Foundation Reports that analyzes the impact of the widespread shift of government responsibilities from the national to the state and local level. In this volume, John D. Donahue explores possible connections between the trends toward greater economic inequality and more state-centered government. Without claiming that devolution of authority from the federal level to the states is responsible for widening the gaps between the rich and poor, Donahue does argue that it has made it more difficult to offset the economic forces that have produced greater inequality. He explores particular realms of public policy taxation, antipoverty programs, education, and job training to demonstrate the relatively limited capacity of states collectively to keep low-income families from falling further behind. As a former assistant secretary of the U.S. Labor Department during his first term of the Clinton administration, Donahue saw firsthand how limited the federal government's powers had become.
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 Dennis Encarnation.
In Rivals beyond Trade, Dennis J. Encarnation examines the evolution of foreign investment and related trade by American and Japanese multinationals in light of economic and political conditions that have prevailed since before World War II. For increasing access to world markets, government policies have become much less important than corporate strategies, he argues. Japan's economic prowess, Encarnation maintains, does not arise because of America's declining competitiveness. Neither can foreign exchange rates or Japanese trade policies alone be blamed. He traces Japan's success to crucial differences in strategic investment policies, which have allowed the Japanese first to trade and later to invest in the United States with a freedom unavailable to Americans in Japan.
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 Dennis Encarnation. Japanese Multinationals in Asia: Regional Operations in Comparative Perspective collects the work of a multinational group of scholars interested in the spread of Japanese multinational corporations across Asia. During the 1980s, a flock of Japanese corporations set up operations in neighboring Asian nations, pushed in part by the sharply rising value of the Japanese yen, and pulled by the alluring prospect of lower labor costs. A decade later, multinational corporations based in Japan remain the largest source of foreign direct investment (FDI) in Asia and a principal source of technology transfer and have fundamentally reorganized production across Asia. Editor Dennis Encarnation has collected ten chapters paired in sections that cover FDI, related merchandise trade, the specific case of technology transfer, the cross-border formation of production networks, and the relative effects of such operations on home and host economies. Each chapter addresses several interrelated questions: How do Japanese multinationals actually operate in Asia? How do they compare to the regional operations of multinationals based in the United States and elsewhere? What is the economic impact of these operations in Japan and in host economies across Asia? And what are the implications of the findings reported here for prevailing theory, public policy, and corporate strategy?
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 Jeffrey Frankel. The rapid growth of regional trading relationships in Europe, Asia, and Latin
America has raised policy concerns about their impact on excluded countries and
on the global trading system. Some observers worry that the multilateral system
may be fracturing into discriminatory regional blocs. Others are hopeful that
regional agreements will go beyond what was achieved in the Uruguay Round and
instead become building blocks for further global liberalization and WTO rules
in new areas.
Having recently moved to the Council of Economic Advisers, Jeffrey Frankel shows extensive empirical analysis that the new breed of preferential trade arrangements are indeed concentrating trade regionally. He then assesses whether regional blocs are "natural" or "supernatural"—that is, whether they enhance or reduce global welfare. He concludes that a move to complete liberalization within blocs, with no reduction in barriers between blocs, would push the trading system into the supernatural zone of an excessive degree of regionalization.
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 Dale Jorgenson. In this book Jorgenson shows that information technology (IT) provides the foundation for the resurgence of American dconomic growth. He shows how the relentless decline in the prices of information technology equipment and software has steadily enhanced the role of IT investment as a source of economic growth in the United States. Productivity in IT-producing industries has risen in importance and a productivity revival has taken place in the rest of the economy. Information technology rests in turn on the development and deployment of semiconductors - storage devices and microprocessors. The semiconductor and IT industries are global in scope with an international division of labor. To address the question, where is the evidence of the "new economy" in other leading industrialized nations, Jorgenson compares recent growth performance in the G7 countries - Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
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 Dale Jorgenson and Charles Wessner. Drawn from a symposium held in October 2000 by the National Academy of Science's Board on Science, Technology, and Economic Policy (STEP), Measuring and Sustaining the New Economy (National Academy Press, 2002) highlights the changes in the U.S. economy that were precipitated, in part, by national investments in computing, information, and communication technologies. According to Prof. Dale Jorgenson and Charles Wessner, co-editors of the book, these new technologies are sparking significant growth in productivity and have ushered in a new economic phase in the United States: the New Economy of the Information Age. Targeted public policy - from regulation and intellectual property protection to cost-shared partnerships and public procurement - can help sustain this New Economy in many important ways. While related data are still occasionally sparse, the editors conclude that the correlation between technological advances and productivity is clear enough to already have had, and continue to have, a significant impact on the policy-making process in the United States.
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 Dale Jorgenson's Productivity (Vol. 2) is one of 10 books in a series that includes titles such as Welfare, Growth, Productivity (Vol. 1), investment, and Econometrics. The two volumes of Productivity present empirical studies that have permanently altered professional debates over investment and productivity as sources of postwar economic growth in industrialized countries. The distinctive feature of investment is that returns can be internalized by the investor. This idea applies most to investments that create property rights, but these volumes broaden the meaning of capital formation to include investments in education and training. Productivity Volume 1, Postwar U.S. Economic Growth, traces the outstanding postwar performance of the U.S. economy to investments in tangible assets and human capital. It provides the starting point for a new consensus based on policies to generate growth by stimulating and rewarding investments in tangible assets and human capital. These policies will focus on returns that can be internalized by investors, ending the fruitless search for "spillovers" that can generate substantial growth without providing incentives for capital formation. Volume 2, International Comparisons of Economic Growth, focuses on comparisons of economic growth among industrialized countries. Although Japan and Germany are often portrayed as economic adversaries of the United States, postwar experiences in all three countries support policies that give high priority to stimulating and rewarding capital formation. In the Asian model of growth, exemplified by Japan, investments in tangible assets and human capital are especially critical during periods of rapid growth.
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 Elaine Ciulla Kamarck and Joseph Nye, Jr.
Governance.com is the fifth volume published by the Kennedy School’s Visions of Governance for the 21st Century Project, which tackles the question of how to ensure good, effective, and legitimate governance in an era of large public dissatisfaction and disaffection with government. We are in an age of increasing globalization, marketization, and information technology, all of which have the potential to cause a dramatic effect on the future of governance. In Governance.com, Kamarck and Nye pull together essays from diverse perspectives on the impact or non-impact of information technology on the basic institutions and processes of governance, from representation to bureaucracy to community politics. Rather than offering definitive conclusions on the ever-evolving intersection of information technology and governance, Governance.com is meant to provoke further thought and research in this area by illuminating many of the challenges and opportunities the Information Age has posed for democratic governance.
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 Robert Lawrence. In this book, Robert Z. Lawrence and Subramanian Rangan examine the international pricing, sourcing, and trade responses of multi-national enterprises to shifts in the dollar. In the process, they refute stereotypes which portray multinational firms as either footloose or inflexible and conclude that the global integration of markets remains incomplete due to informational and other important discontinuities. Policy implications for exchange rates, and foreign direct investment are also discussed.
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 Richard Light. Taken from 10 years worth of interviews with Harvard seniors, Richard Light distills encouraging - and surprisingly practical - answers to fundamental questions. How can you choose classes wisely? What's the best way to study? Why do some professors inspire and others leave you cold? How can you connect what you discover in class to all you're learning in the rest of your life? Light suggests, for instance, that: studying in pairs or groups can be more productive than studying alone; the first and most important skill to learn is time management; supervised independent research projects and working internships offer the most learning and the greatest challenges; and encounters with students of different religions can be simultaneously the most taxing and most illuminating of all the experiences with a diverse student body. Filled with practical advice, illuminated with stories of real students' self doubts, failures, discoveries, and hopes, Making the Most of College is a handbook for academic and personal success.
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 Viktor Mayer-Schoenberger. The industrial society is transformed into the information society. Who has control over information (and thus its economic value) will become one of the central issues of the coming years. This book presents a comprehensive solution without requiring a new "information law" to create the necessary clarity of rights over information - and hence legal certainty in the information society.
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 John Montgomery, Editor. Human Rights: Positive Policies in Asia and the Pacific Rim is an important contribution to the ongoing debate on how to promote and secure human rights. In several settings in Asia and Latin America it explores the utility of positive incentives and rewards (rather than shaming and punishment) to induce govern,ments to implement policies, economic and social as well as political and legal, that enhance the dignity, opportunity, and well-being of their citizens. It demonstrates how progress toward human rights in every society is a gradual and uneven process in which internal politics combine with external pressures to determine the outcome
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 John D. Montgomery and Nathan Glazer.
Sovereignty under Challenge: How Governments Respond (Transaction Publishers, 2002) is the fifth in the Soka University of America's Pacific Basin Research Center (PBRC) policy study series. Edited by Nathan Glazer and CBG's John D. Montgomery, Ford Foundation Professor Emeritus and Director of PBRC, Sovereignty compiles different perspectives on the changing future of the power of the state. In a departure from the traditional notion of the absolute will of the state in the face of foreign infringement, Montgomery and Glazer argue that contemporary objectives of sovereignty are much subtler. The essays in Sovereignty revolve around the new challenges to states, from both above and below. From above, states are now contending with international institutions and human rights, trade, and investment treaties; from below, there is a rising challenge from discontented and emerging groups within a state. Through analysis of these challenges, many the results of neo-liberalism and globalization, as well as states' responses in Southeast Asia, China, India and elsewhere, the book concludes that sovereignty has remained resilient and robust due to its flexibility. Sovereignty still stands as the guiding institutional framework for the governance of human affairs.
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 Roger Porter, Pierre Sauvé, Arvind Subramanian and Americo Beviglia Zampetti, Editors.
The multilateral trading system stands at a crossroads. Despite its widely acknowledged contribution to global prosperity over the past half century, the movement toward further liberalization has in recent years confronted heightened and vocal resistance from a wide and disparate set of constituencies. And the political legitimacy of the World Trade Organization (WTO) is openly questioned in a globalizing environment. What are the costs and benefits of further multilateral trade and investment liberalization? How are such costs and benefits distributed between and among countries and categories of workers? Does multilateral rule making pose a threat to the regulatory sovereignty of nations, creating pressures for convergence of institutions and social norms? Should the WTO reform its governance structure to meet the new demands placed on it by the international community? These and other questions are addressed in this collection of essays centered on the three central challenges facing the multilateral trading system today: efficiency, equity, and legitimacy. This volume, edited by Roger Porter, Pierre Sauve, Arvind Subramanian, and Americo Beviglia Zampetti, emerged from a conference held by the Center for Business and Government in June 2000. It includes essays from a wide variety of economists and political scientists in honor of Raymond Vernon, a key contributor to the postwar international economic architecture and a leading scholar of the global trading system.
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 Roger Porter and Pierre Sauvé, Editors
To honor the memory of Professor Raymond Vernon, the Center for Business and Government hosted a seminar series during the 1999-2000 academic year devoted to a topic central to Professor Vernon's scholarship: the evolution of the rules-based trading system. The seminar series used as a focal point the third Ministerial meeting of the World Trade Organization (WTO), which the US government hosted in Seattle in December 1999. This volume provides a snapshot of the Seattle meeting and its immediate aftermath. The essays by Robert Z. Lawrence, Representative James Kolbe, Guy de Jonquières, Joseph E. Stiglitz and John H. Jackson usefully recall how a number of fault lines have in recent years significantly complicated attempts at building consensus, both domestically and internationally, on trade-related matters. The volume's second edition brings together essays presented after the meeting, affording authors the rare luxury of 20-20 policy hindsight. The contributions of Sylvia Ostry, Michael Hart, Richard W. Fisher and Jonathan T. Fried offer a first preliminary assessment of wider consequences of the WTO meeting for the future of the multilateral trading system and for the tone, substance and likely direction of the ongoing debate over globalization. The Center's aim in bringing together the diverse views contained in these essays is to offer readers some contextual background with which to launch a forward looking discussion of the challenges of governance and rule-making in today's global environment.
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 John Ruggie. This volume of essays brings together John Ruggie's most influential theories and applies them to critical policy questions concerning the post-Cold War international order. The book is divided into three parts. Part One: International Organization examines the "new institutionalism" differs from the old and introduces the concepts of regimes, epistemic communities, and multi-lateralism. Part Two: The System of States explores political structure, social time, and territorial space in the world polity. Part Three: The Question of Agency looks at America in the post-cold war era; NATO and the future transatlantic security community; and the United Nations and the collective use of force.
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 Tony Saich. In Governance and Politics of China, CBG Professor Anthony Saich provides analysis of recent economic and political reform measures in China and postulates on the key policy problems China faces as an emerging member of the world community. How did China change from an isolated nation to one of the foremost economies in the world? Since the Revolution of 1949, China’s reforms have been remarkable. Despite maintaining its authoritarian political structure, China has managed to liberalize its economy, welcoming foreign investment and the growth of private business. As the country faces accession to the WTO and other key challenges of the twenty-first century, it becomes increasingly crucial to understand how decisions the Chinese government makes will impact the Asia region and the world. From the economy and trade to social policy, security and the environment, Governance provides a thorough introduction to these changes and to all aspects of politics and governance in post-Mao China.
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 Tony Saich. The publication of this book is a major event in the study of the Chinese revolution. Of enormous significance to scholars of China's modern history, it presents, with careful and painstakingly detailed annotation and commentary, more than two hundred key documents covering the rise to power of the Chinese Communist Party from its inception in 1920, the resultant epic Long March to Yan'an, the war with Japan, and the bitter and bloody Civil War that brought Mao Zedong and the Communists to power in the late 1940's. These documents, which show how the CCP interpreted the revolution in which it played the key role, how it devised policies to meet changing circumstances, and how these were communicated to both party members and the public at large, permit a comprehensive reappraisal of the rise to power of the Chinese Communist movement for the first time in 40 years. Saich's book provides a complex picture of the party's policies and its relationship to different social forces in the countryside and the cities, shed new light on the development of the CCP as an organization and its internal diversity, and demonstrate how Mao came to dominate the party by skillfully outmaneuvering his opponents.
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 F.M. Scherer. This volume collects 26 of F.M. Scherer's most important papers, both previously published and unpublished, on a broad array of competition policy issues. The papers address the historical antecedents and rationale of competition policy, the logic of market definition and the implications of pricing strategies pursued by enterprises with monopoly power. The author also examines tradeoffs between competition goals and the attainment of static and dynamic efficiency, implementing effective remedies in merger and monopoly cases and the role of competition policy in an increasingly open world economy.
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 Malcolm Sparrow. The Regulatory Craft tackles one of the most pressing public policy issues of our time - the reform of regulatory and enforcement practice. Malcolm. K. Sparrow shows how the vogue prescriptions of reform, centered on concepts of customer service and process improvement, fail to take account of the distinctive character of regulatory responsibilities which involve the delivery of obligations rather than just services. In order to construct more balanced prescriptions for reform, Sparrow says we must reconsider the central purpose of social regulation - the abatement or control of risks to society. He recounts the experiences of pioneering agencies that have confronted the risk-control challenge directly. At the heart of a new regulatory craftsmanship, according to Sparrow, lies the ability to "pick important problems and fix them." This simple idea turns out to present enormously complex implementation challenges and carries with it profound consequences for the way regulators organize their work, manage their discretion, and report their performance.
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 Robert Stavins. The first edition of Public Policies for Environmental Protection contributed significantly to the incorporation of economic analysis in the study of environmental policy. Fully revised to account for changes in the institutional, legal, and regulatory framework of environmental policy, the second edition features updated chapters on EPA and federal regulation, air and water pollution policy, and hazardous and toxic substances. It includes entirely new chapters on market-based environmental policies, global climate change, and solid waste, and, for the first time, it provides coverage of the Safe Drinking Water Act.
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 Raymond Vernon. The world's multinational enterprises face a spell of rough weather, political
economist Ray Vernon argues, not only from the host countries in which they have
established their subsidiaries, but also from their home countries. Such
enterprises now generate about half of the world's foreign trade; so any change
in the relatively benign climate in which they have operated over the past
decade will create serious tensions in international economic relations. The
tendency of multinationals in different countries to find common cause in open
markets, strong patents and trademarks, and international technical standards
has been viewed as a loss of national sovereignty and a weakening of the
nation-state system, producing hostile reactions in home countries. The
challenge for policymakers, Vernon argues, is to bridge the quite different
regimes of the multinational enterprise and the nation-state. Both have a major
role to play, and yet must make basic changes in their practices and policies to
accommodate each other.
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 Ezra Vogel. An analytic history of how the strains of Korea's economic growth contributed to
the labor unrest and popular discontent of the late 1980's. Set against rapid
increases in wages and employment, worker dissatisfaction is traced to patterns
of income inequality and the suppression of labor organizations. Vogel's
analysis is essential to understanding the labor struggles that continue in
Korea today and is highly relevant for other emerging economies that wish to
benefit from Korea's experience.
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 Ashton Carter & John White. Most national security debate concerns the policy end and too often neglects to
examine the means by which we implement our national strategies. While the U.S.
military is the finest fighting force in the world, the national security system
that supports it is in serious disrepair. Operating with Cold War-era structures
and practices, the system is subject to an array of managerial and
organizational problems that will increasingly threaten our military's
effectiveness. In this book, a bipartisan group of senior experts explores these
issues. Edited by John White, this book presents specific recommendations about
how the U.S. national security establishment - and especially the Department of
Defense - should be changed to improve the U.S. ability to implement its chosen
policies, to manage its programs, and to anticipate and adapt to a changing and
uncertain world.
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 Richard J. Zeckhauser. American Society is a provocative examination of public and private spheres of
activity in areas ranging from the arts to economics, education to corporate
governance. Its probing essays offer an insightful look at how society should be
organized to promote economic efficiency and social well-being. From diverse
perspectives, the authors evaluate the appropriate division of responsibilities
between the public and the private sectors. Their focus on first principles
leads to a fundamental reassessment of traditional roles and relationships.
e: richard_zeckhauser@ksg.harvard.edu
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John D. Donahue and Joseph Nye. In this latest volume from KSG’s Visions of Governance in the 20th Century Project, John D. Donahue and Joseph S. Nye, Jr. help to inform a critical debate in the emerging field of collaborative governance: How can the public sector best harness the efficiencies of the market to improve government accountability? The use of market means to pursue public goals, whether by shifting traditional government responsibilities to the private sector or by incorporating market-inspired approaches to the solution of public problems, has emerged in earnest over the last quarter century. Market-Based Governance elucidates this dynamic, defining instances where the public sector is both a customer of the private sector and a provider of traditional market services. Chapter contributors – including CBG’s Cary Coglianese, Archon Fung, Elaine Kamarck, David Lazer, Robert Stavins and Richard Zeckhauser – explore different manifestations of the entangled relationship between the market and the state and evaluate both the “downside” and the “upside” of using private sector-based means to improve governance in the 21st century.