Participants
Joseph Aldy, Resources for the Future
Joe Aldy is a Fellow in the Energy and Natural Resources Division at Resources for the Future. In 2005, he completed his Ph.D. in economics at Harvard University where his research focused on climate change policy, mortality risk valuation, and the benefits of energy subsidies to low-income households. Prior to attending Harvard, Aldy served on the staff of the President's Council of Economic Advisers from 1997 to 2000 where he was responsible for climate change policy and other environmental issues. He served as lead author of the Administration July 1998 report "The Kyoto Protocol and the President's Policies to Address Climate Change: Administration Economic Analysis" and the CEA September 1999 report "The Economics of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Abatement in China, A Preliminary Assessment." Aldy participated in bi-lateral and multi-lateral workshops and meetings on climate change policy in Argentina, Bolivia, China, France, Germany, Kazakhstan, Korea, Israel, Mexico, and Uzbekistan as well as at COP-4, COP-5, the OECD, and the International Energy Agency. He received a Master of Environmental Management degree from the Nicholas School of the Environment and a Bachelor of Arts degree in water resources from Duke University.
Scott Barrett, Johns Hopkins University
Scott Barrett is Professor of Environmental Economics and International Political Economy at the Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies, where he also directs the International Policy Program. Currently on sabbatical, he is a Distinguished Visiting Fellow at the Yale Center for the Study of Globalization at Yale University. He is the author of Environment and Statecraft: The Strategy of Environmental Treaty-Making and numerous research and policy papers on climate change. He received his PhD in economics from the London School of Economics.
Daniel Bodansky, University of Georgia
Daniel Bodansky joined the School of Law as the Emily and Ernest Woodruff Chair in International Law in the fall of 2002. He teaches public international law, international environmental law, and foreign affairs and the Constitution. From 1989-2002, Professor Bodansky was a faculty member of the University of Washington School of Law. He has taught as an adjunct professor at the George Washington School of Law and Georgetown University Law Center. He earned his JD from Yale University where he was a member of the Yale Law Journal. He obtained his master's in the history and philosophy of science from Cambridge University in 1981 and his bachelor's from Harvard University in 1979. Bodansky is the U.S.-nominated arbitrator under the Antarctic Environment Protocol. In addition, he is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations and the American Society of International Law.
Carlo Carraro, University of Venice
Carlo Carraro holds a Ph.D. from Princeton University and is currently Chairman of the Department of Economics and Professor of Econometrics and Environmental Economics at the University of Venice. He is Director of Research of the Fondazione ENI Enrico Mattei and Research Fellow of the CEPS (Center for European Policy Studies), Brussels, the CEPR (Center for Economic Policy Research), London, the GREQAM (Groupe de Recherche en Economie Quantitative d'Aix-Marseille), the CESifo (Center of Economic Studies), Munich, and the CTN (Coalition Theory Network), Milan. Professor Carraro is also Vice Provost for Research Management and Policy of the University of Venice and Member of the Steering Committee of the Ecological and Environmental Economics Programme at the International Center of Theoretical Physics (ICTP) of UNESCO. He belongs to the Board of Directors of the European Climate Forum (ECF) and to the Scientific Advisory Board of the Potsdam Institute for Climate (PIK). He is also in the High-Level Network of environmental economists set up by the European Environmental Agency with the EU DG Environment. Professor Carraro is one of the authors of the Third Assessment Report of the IPCC (Intergovernmental Group on Climate Change) and has been collaborating with the Economic and Social Reserch Institute, Cabinet Office, Goverment of Japan, for the last five years.
Richard Cooper, Harvard University
Richard Cooper is Maurits C. Boas Professor of International Economics at Harvard University. He is Vice-Chairman of the Global Development Network, and a member of the Trilateral Commission, the Council on Foreign Relations, the Executive Panel of the US Chief of Naval Operations, the Aspen Strategy Group, and the Brookings Panel on Economic Activity. He has served as chairman of the National Intelligence Council (1995-97), Under-Secretary of State for Economic Affairs (1977-81), Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for International Monetary Affairs (1965-66), and senior staff economist at the Council of Economic Advisers (1961-63). He was also chairman of the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston (1990-92). As a Marshall Scholar, he studied at the London School of Economics, and earned his Ph.D. at Harvard University.
Daniel Esty, Yale University
Dan Esty is the Hillhouse Professor of Environmental Law and Policy at Yale University. He holds faculty appointments in both Yale's Environment and Law Schools. He is the Director of the Yale Center for Environmental Law and Policy as well as the Yale World Fellows Program. Prof. Esty is the author or editor of eight books and numerous articles on environmental policy issues and the relationships between the environment and trade, globalization, security, corporate strategy, competitiveness, governance, and development. Prior to taking up his current position at Yale, Prof. Esty was a Senior Fellow at the Institute for International Economics (1993-94), served in a variety of senior positions on the US Environmental Protection Agency (1989-93), and practiced law in Washington, DC (1986-89). Prof. Esty spent the 2000-01 academic year as a visiting Professor at INSEAD, the European business school in Fontainebleau, France.
Brian Flannery, Exxon-Mobil
Brian P. Flannery is Science, Strategy and Programs Manager in the Safety, Health and Environment Department, Exxon Mobil Corporation. Before joining Exxon, Dr. Flannery received degrees from Princeton (AB) and University of California Santa Cruz (Ph.D.) in astrophysics. He pursued postdoctoral research in astrophysics at The Institute for Advanced Study, and later as a professor at Harvard University. After joining Exxon in 1980 he spent eighteen years at Corporate Research in research, supervisory, and management roles involving theoretical science, mathematical modeling and the environment. Since joining ExxonMobil, he has conducted and sponsored research and organized international workshops and symposia dealing with scientific, technical, economic, and policy related aspects of global climate change. Dr. Flannery has served on numerous editorial boards and scientific and governmental advisory panels, and has been involved on behalf of business and industry in national and international forums that address global climate change. He is a lead author in Working Group III of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, and Vice Chair of the Environment and Energy Commission of the International Chamber of Commerce. Dr. Flannery played a leadership role in the creation of the Global Climate and Energy Project at Stanford University.
Jeffrey Frankel, Harvard University
Jeffrey Frankel is Harpel Professor of Capital Formation and Growth at Harvard University's Kennedy School of Government. He directs the program in International Finance and Macroeconomics at the National Bureau of Economic Research, where he is also a member of the Business Cycle Dating Committee. He was appointed to the Council of Economic Advisers by President Clinton in 1996, was subsequently confirmed by the Senate, and served until 1999. His responsibilities as Member included international economics, macroeconomics, and the environment. Before moving east, he had been professor of economics at the University of California, Berkeley. Other past appointments include the Federal Reserve Board, Institute for International Economics, International Monetary Fund, University of Michigan, and Yale. His research interests include international finance, monetary policy, regional blocs, Asia, and global environmental issues. Books include American Economic Policy in the 1990s. He graduated from Swarthmore College in 1974, and received his PhD from MIT in 1978.
Joyeeta Gupta, Vrije University
Joyeeta Gupta received her BA in Economics from Delhi University, her LLB at Sir LA Shah Law College in Ahmedabad, her LLM at Harvard Law School and a PhD from Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. She has published extensively in the area of environmental governance, climate change and North-South relations. She is a member of the scientific steering committees of the International Institute of Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA, Austria), of the System for Analysis, Research and Training (START) of IGBP, IHDP and WCRP of the Institutional Dimensions of Global Environmental Change (IDGEC) of the International Human Dimensions Programme (IHDP), of the Global Water Systems Project (GWSP) and Vice-Chair of the Global Change Commission of the Netherlands. She is a lead author with the Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change and the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. Her books include Our Simmering Planet: What to do About Global Warming, and The Climate Change Convention and Developing Countries - From Conflict to Consensus?
James Hammitt, University of Toulouse
James Hammitt is Professor of Economics and Decision Sciences at the Harvard School of Public Health and Director of the Harvard Center for Risk Analysis. His research and teaching concern the development of benefit-cost, decision, and risk analysis and their application to health and environmental policy. He is a member of the EPA Science Advisory Board's Environmental Economics Advisory Committee and Advisory Council on Clear Air Compliance Analysis. Professor Hammitt holds degrees in Applied Mathematics (A.B., Sc.M.) and Public Policy (M.P.P., Ph.D.) from Harvard University. He was previously Senior Mathematician at the RAND Corporation and a faculty member at the RAND Graduate School of Policy Studies.
Chris Harrison, Cambridge University Press
Chris Harrison is Publishing Director for social sciences in the UK office of Cambridge University Press. He has a Ph.D. in African History from the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, which was published as France and Islam in West Africa, 1860-1960 (Cambridge, 1988). He has recently published an article entitled "Politics, Peer Review and Pluralism" in Environmental Science & Policy about the controversy surrounding publication of The Skeptical Environmentalist.
Thomas Heller, Stanford University
Thomas Heller is the Shelton Professor of International Legal Studies at Stanford Law School and Senior Fellow at the Stanford Institute for International Studies. He received an A.B. from Princeton University and an LL.B. from Yale University. In addition to teaching in the areas of energy and environmental policy, he has worked extensively in the energy sectors in developing countries and been closely engaged with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change in its exploration of (sustainable) development and climate and with the Open Society Institute (Revenue Watch) in its activities on problems of the resource curse in nations with resource (oil and gas) intensive economies. As co-director of the Stanford Program in Energy and Sustainable Development, his current research focuses on the political economy of energy sector reform in China, India, Brazil, South Africa and Mexico, on the evolution of natural gas markets, on the changing organization of national oil companies, and on the relation of energy futures to problems of environment and governance. He also directs the Stanford Program on the Rule of Law, within the Center for Democracy, Development and the Rule of Law, with a particular emphasis on the relation between legal systems and economic growth.
Henry Jacoby, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Henry Jacoby is a Professor of Management at the M.I.T. Sloan School of Management and Co-Director of the M.I.T. Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change. An undergraduate mechanical engineer at the University of Texas at Austin, he holds a Ph.D. in Economics from Harvard University. Formerly Director of the Harvard Environmental Systems Program, Director of the MIT Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research, Associate Director of the MIT Energy Laboratory, and Chair of the MIT Faculty. Public involvement has included a study by the U.S. Office of Technology Assessment of "Systems at Risk from Climate Change" (1992-93), an NRC Panel on Metrics for Global Change Research (2004-05), and the Scientific Committee of the International Geosphere-Biosphere Program (2006- ). In 1998-99 he was Environmental Fellow of the American Council on Capital Formation. His current research and teaching is focused on economic analysis of climate change and its integration with scientific and policy aspects of the issue.
Axel Michaelowa, Hamburg Institute
Axel Michaelowa is the head of the Programme International Climate Policy at the Hamburg Institute of International Economics. He is CEO of the consultancy Perspectives Climate Change that specializes in CDM and emissions trading. He is a member of the CDM Executive Board's Registration Team and on the UNFCCC roster of experts on baseline methodologies. Michaelowa has written over 50 publications on the Kyoto Mechanisms, including a book on CDM's contribution to development. He is a lead author in the 4th Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and member of the board of the Swiss Climate Cent Foundation.
Juan-Pablo Montero, Catholic University of Chile
Juan-Pablo Montero, a Visiting Repsol-YPF Scholar at the Kennedy School of Government, is an Associate Professor of Economics at the Catholic University of Chile, a Research Associate at the MIT Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research and was a Visiting Professor of Applied Economics at the MIT Sloan School of Management during 2001-2002. Professor Montero received a Civil Engineering degree from the Catholic University of Chile and M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees from MIT. He also has been a consultant for the Government of Chile, private corporations and international organizations.
Richard Morgenstern, Resources for the Future
Richard Morgenstern's research focuses on the economic analysis of environmental issues with an emphasis on the costs, benefits, evaluation, and design of environmental policies, especially economic incentive measures. His analysis also focuses on climate change, including the design of cost-effective policies to reduce emissions in the United States and abroad. Immediately prior to joining RFF, Morgenstern was senior economic counselor to the undersecretary for global affairs at the U.S. Department of State, where he participated in negotiations for the Kyoto Protocol. Previously he served at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, where he acted as deputy administrator (1993); assistant administrator for policy, planning, and evaluation (1991-93); and director of the Office of Policy Analysis (1983-95). Formerly a tenured professor at the City University of New York, Morgenstern has taught recently at Oberlin College, the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, Yeshiva University, and American University. He has served on expert committees of the National Academy of Sciences and as a consultant to various organizations.
Christopher Mottershead, BP
Chris Mottershead joined BP Research, at its London based research laboratories in 1978 as an instrument and control engineer. During the mid-eighties Mr. Mottershead lead a team to create and commercialize large-scale scientific computers. In the late eighties he ran BP's exploration computing activities. During the early nineties he became commercial manager of exploration and production technical activities. Mr. Mottershead then moved to BP's North Sea operations, first to Glasgow and then in Aberdeen, becoming the central technical manager. He returned to London, becoming the VP Technology, Engineering and HSE for BP's global gas, power and renewable activities. He is currently Distinguished Advisor -- where he provides leadership to the BP Group on making its products and operations consistent with the principles of sustainable energy and the environment. He is also a Director of the Carbon Trust in the UK, the Center for Clean Air Policy in the US, and the Advisory Board of the National Center for Atmospheric Research.
Sheila Olmstead, Yale University
Sheila Olmstead is an Assistant Professor of Environmental Economics at the Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies. She earned her Ph.D. in Public Policy at Harvard University in 2002, as well as a B.S. from the University of Virginia in 1992 and an M.P.Aff. from the University of Texas, Austin in 1996. Professor Olmstead's general research and teaching interests are in the area of environmental and natural resource economics and policy, including both natural resource management and pollution control. Her current area of primary research is the economics of water supply and demand, with a focus on urban settings. In particular, she is interested in measuring the effectiveness of various policy instruments, such as increasing block pricing and non-price demand management programs, in dealing with urban water scarcity. Other research projects include an analysis of the determinants of access to clean drinking water among low-income populations in South Texas; and a survey of the major intersections of economics and environmental and natural resource policy during the Clinton Administration.
Jonathan Pershing, World Resources Institute
Jonathan Pershing is Director of the Climate, Energy and Pollution Program at the World Resources Institute. He is active in work on domestic and international climate and energy policy, including emissions trading, energy technology and the evolving architecture of international climate agreements. He currently serves on the Resources Panel of the Northeast States Regional GHG Initiative, on the Advisory Board of the Oregon Climate Trust, and on the Chicago Climate Exchange. He is actively involved in projects with individual US States and the US federal government on climate change and energy policy, as well as governments in the OECD, G8 and major developing nations. Prior to his move to WRI, he served for five years as the Head of the Energy and Environment Division at the International Energy Agency in Paris. His responsibilities there included research on emissions trading and project based offsets, as well as other aspects of the interface between energy and the environment. From 1990 to 1998, Dr. Pershing served in the US Department of State, where he was both Deputy Director and Science Advisor for the Office of Global Change. In this capacity, he was a senior U.S. negotiator for the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and its 1997 Kyoto Protocol. Dr. Pershing is the author of several books and numerous articles on climate change, energy, and environmental policy, has served as a Review Editor for the IPCC, and will be a lead author for the IPCC's 4th Assessment Report. Dr. Pershing has taught at American University and the University of Minnesota, and worked in Alaska as a petroleum and mining exploration geologist. He holds a doctorate in geology and geophysics from the University of Minnesota.
William Pizer, Resources for the Future
William Pizer's research seeks to quantify how various features of environmental policy and economic context, including uncertainty, individual and regional variation, technological change, irreversibility, spillovers, voluntary participation, and flexibility, influence a policy's efficacy. He applies much of this work to the question of how to design and implement policies to reduce the threat of climate change caused by manmade emissions of greenhouse gases. Recently, his work has considered the influence of uncertainty on discounting, the advantages of price versus quantity regulation for pollutants that accumulate in the environment, and consequences of environmental regulation on firm performance. Currently, he is working on projects that look at the regional variation in household energy use, firm variation in pollution control costs, the effectiveness of voluntary programs, the role of technology programs in pollution control efforts, the relative efficiency of flexible performance standards and intensity targets, and the effectiveness of regional climate change policies. Since August 2002, Pizer has worked part-time as a Senior Economist at the National Commission on Energy Policy. During 2001-2002, he served as a Senior Economist at the President's Council of Economic Advisers where he worked on environment and climate change issues. He was a Visiting Scholar at Stanford University's Center for Environmental Science and Policy during 2000-2001, and taught at Johns Hopkins University during 1997-1999.
Thomas Schelling, University of Maryland
Thomas Schelling spent seven years in the U. S. Bureau of the Budget, in Europe with the Marshall Plan, and in the White House and Executive Office of the President; five years on the faculty of Yale University, thirty years on the Harvard faculty, and fourteen years at Maryland, where he is Distinguished University Professor, Emeritus. He was elected to the National Academy of Sciences and to the presidency of the American Economic Association. He received the Frank E. Seidman Distinguished Award in Political Economy and the National Academy of Sciences Award for Behavioral Research Relevant to the Prevention of Nuclear War. He was awarded the Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel for 2005. Expertise: military strategy and arms control, energy and environmental policy, climate change, terrorism, tobacco and drugs policy, conflict and bargaining theory.
Daniel Schrag, Harvard University
Daniel Schrag studies climate and climate change over the broadest range of Earth history. He has examined changes in ocean circulation over the last several decades, with particular attention to El Nino and the tropical Pacific. He has worked on theories for Pleistocene ice-age cycles including a better determination of ocean temperatures during the Last Glacial Maximum, 20,000 years ago. Dr. Schrag has also developed the Snowball Earth hypothesis, proposing that a series of global glaciations occurred between 750 and 580 million years ago that may have led to the evolution of multicellular animals. Among various honors, he was awarded a MacArthur Fellowship in 2000. Dr. Schrag came to Harvard in 1997 after teaching at Princeton, and studying at Berkeley and Yale. He is Director of the Harvard Center for the Environment.
Robert Stavins, Harvard University
Robert Stavins is the Albert Pratt Professor of Business and Government, Chairman of the Environment and Natural Resources Faculty Group at the John F. Kennedy School of Government, and Director of the Environmental Economics Program at Harvard University. He is a University Fellow of Resources for the Future, the Chair of the Scientific Advisory Board of the Massachusetts Executive Office of Environmental Affairs, and a Member of the Board of Directors of Resources for the Future, the Board of Academic Advisors of the AEI-Brookings Joint Center for Regulatory Studies, the Executive Board of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Science Advisory Board. He was formerly Chairman of the Environmental Economics Advisory Committee of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Science Advisory Board and a Lead Author of the Second and Third Assessment Reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. He holds a B.A. in philosophy from Northwestern University, an M.S. in agricultural economics from Cornell, and a Ph.D. in economics from Harvard. Prior to coming to Harvard, Stavins was a staff economist at the Environmental Defense Fund; and before that, he managed irrigation development in the middle east, and spent four years working in agricultural extension in West Africa as a Peace Corps volunteer.
Lawrence Summers, Harvard University
Lawrence Summers took office as president of Harvard University on July 1, 2001. An eminent scholar and admired public servant, Mr. Summers has taught on the faculty at Harvard and MIT. He has served in a series of senior public policy positions, including political economist for the President's Council of Economic Advisers, Chief Economist of the World Bank, and Secretary of the Treasury of the United States. Mr. Summers's many publications include Understanding Unemployment (1990) and Reform in Eastern Europe (1991, coauthored with others), as well as more than 100 articles in professional economics journals. He also edited the series Tax Policy and the Economy. In 2000, Mr. Summers was invited to present the American Economic Association's prestigious Ely Lecture, in which he addressed "International Financial Crises: Causes, Preventions, and Cures." In 1993 he received the John Bates Clark Medal, given every two years to the outstanding American economist under the age of 40. In 2002, Mr. Summers was elected to the National Academy of Sciences. Mr. Summers received his B.S. from MIT and his Ph.D. in economics from Harvard.
David Victor, Stanford University
David Victor is Director of the Program on Energy and Sustainable Development at Stanford University. Previously, Dr. Victor directed the Science and Technology program at the Council on Foreign Relations in New York, where he remains Adjunct Senior Fellow. He received his Ph.D. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Political Science and International Relations and his B.A. from Harvard University in History and Science. His publications include: The Collapse of the Kyoto Protocol and the Struggle to Slow Global Warming; Climate Change: Debating America's Policy Options; and an edited book of case studies on the implementation of international environmental agreements.
Jonathan Wiener, Duke University
Jonathan Wiener is William R. and Thomas L. Perkins Professor of Law at Duke Law School, Professor of Environmental Policy at the Nicholas School of the Environment & Earth Sciences, and Professor of Public Policy Studies and the Sanford Institute of Public Policy at Duke University. From 2000-05 he also served as the founding Faculty Director of the Duke Center for Environmental Solutions, which has now been expanded into the Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions. He has written widely on U.S. and international environmental law and risk regulation, including numerous articles and the books Reconstructing Climate Policy (AEI Press 2003, with Richard B. Stewart) and Risk vs. Risk (Harvard University Press 1995, with John D. Graham). In 2005-06 he is on sabbatical leave as a visiting professor at L'Ecole Des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS) and at le Centre International de Recherche sur L'Environnement et le Developpement (CIRED), in Paris. He received his A.B. in economics (1984) and his J.D. (1987) from Harvard University.
Peter Wilcoxen, Syracuse University
Peter Wilcoxen is an Associate Professor of Economics and Public Administration at the Maxwell School of Syracuse University. He is also the director of the Maxwell School's Center for Envrironmental Policy and Administration, and is a Nonresident Senior Fellow at the Brookings Institution. His principal area of research is the effect of environmental and energy policy on economic growth, international trade, and the performance of individual industries. He has published extensively on the subject and is the coauthor of two books: one on the design of an economic policy to control climate change, and one on the design and construction of large scale economic models. Dr. Wilcoxen received his Ph.D. from Harvard University in 1989. His past positions include Assistant and Associate Professor of Economics at the University of Texas at Austin, Visiting Fellow at the Brookings Institution, Visiting Scholar at Harvard University and Senior Research Fellow at the University of Melbourne in Australia.
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