Displaced Learners: Early Integration of Ukrainian Refugee Students into Italy’s Schools

This paper examines the early integration of Ukrainian refugee students into Italy’s education system following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022. Using administrative and survey data, the authors analyze enrollment patterns, absenteeism, academic performance, and barriers to educational inclusion. The findings show that Ukrainian refugee students experience lower enrollment rates, higher absenteeism, and lower test scores than their peers, with language barriers, psychological stress, and institutional adjustment challenges contributing to these outcomes. The study highlights policy measures that can strengthen refugee integration and educational support systems in host countries.