The Public Impact of Queueing Theory: From Queen Elizabeth to Internet to Emergency Rooms

October 2022, Paper: "On September 8, 2022 Britain’s Queen Elizabeth II— the longest reigning monarch in modern history—died at the age of 96. Six days later, hundreds of thousands of people who wanted to view the late monarch’s coffin tested Britain’s famous queuing skills to their limit as they queued up opposite the Palace of Westminster in London [1]. Authorities were quite prepared; they had consulted queueing experts to design a gigantic queueing structure with a length of 10 miles for people to line up (see the figure above)."