X3P: Creating Good Jobs and Productivity in the High-Turnover Care Economy

by Masoomeh Khandan

This case examines X3P, a social enterprise operating in the U.S. home care sector, as an effort to break this equilibrium. X3P’s experience offers new evidence on how firm-level reorganization can simultaneously improve job quality and productivity in a labor-intensive service industry that is widely considered resistant to change. Rather than treating low job quality as an unavoidable feature of care work, X3P approaches it as an outcome of how firms recruit labor, structure work, deploy technology, and share economic surplus.