Abstract

Failed states have two defining criteria: They deliver very low quantities and qualities of political goods to their citizens, and they have lost their monopoly on violence. Nation-states on the cusp of failure are either "weak" or "failing"-but not "failed." "Collapsed" ought to be reserved for geographical expressions without governments, such as Somalia.

Citation

Rotberg, Robert I. "Disorder in the Ranks." Foreign Policy. July/August 2009.