Disparities in infectious disease-related health care utilization between Medicaid-enrolled American Indians and non-Hispanic Whites—Lessons from the first 16 months of coronavirus disease 2019 and a

To understand why American Indian and Alaskan Native (AIAN) populations have had exceptionally high COVID-19 mortality, we compare patterns of healthcare utilization and outcomes for two serious infectious respiratory diseases—Influenza-like-illness (ILI) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)—between American Indian and Alaskan Native (AIAN) populations (as identified in Medicaid data) and non-Hispanic Whites over the 2009–2021 period.